Abstract :
This research examines the intersection of energy economics and energy poverty in South Africa, focusing on the impacts of renewable energy adoption, market liberalization, and decarbonization policies. The study employs a qualitative, exploratory approach, utilizing in-depth interviews, focus groups, and case studies to capture the diverse experiences of stakeholders, including policymakers, energy professionals, business owners, and low-income households. The findings reveal significant economic and social impacts of renewable energy integration, highlighting both opportunities for investment and challenges related to grid stability, market inequality, and job losses in coal-dependent regions. The research also critically assesses the effectiveness of South Africa’s energy transition policies, identifying key barriers such as regulatory uncertainty, insufficient enforcement, and social resistance. Energy poverty is framed as a multidimensional issue, encompassing access, affordability, quality, and reliability of energy services, with severe health and socio-economic consequences for vulnerable populations. The study provides practical recommendations for enhancing policy coherence, supporting a just transition for affected communities, and promoting inclusive energy access through targeted interventions and behavioural change strategies. By offering a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics of energy economics and energy poverty, this research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, energy sector stakeholders, and community organizations striving to create a more sustainable and equitable energy future in South Africa.

Keywords :
Energy Economics, Energy Poverty, Renewable Energy, Market Liberalization, Decarbonization Policies, Energy Transition, South Africa, Just Transition, Energy Access, Energy Efficiency, Energy Policy, Sustainable Energy.

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