Abstract :
This research explores the rise of populism, the deepening of political polarization, the influence of social media on political discourse, and the impact of identity politics on voting behavior in the United States. Employing a qualitative, explorative research design, the study utilized semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and content analysis to investigate the underlying causes, dynamics, and consequences of these phenomena. The findings reveal that economic discontent, distrust in elites, and cultural backlash are significant drivers of populism, while socio-cultural, economic, and institutional factors contribute to the intensification of polarization. Social media platforms play a dual role in democratizing political engagement and amplifying misinformation, creating echo chambers that reinforce partisan divisions. Identity politics emerged as a powerful force shaping political behavior, mobilizing specific demographic groups while contributing to a fragmented electorate. The study highlights the challenges these interconnected trends pose to democratic governance, including declining trust in institutions, the breakdown of civic discourse, and the erosion of democratic norms. It also emphasizes the need for efforts to bridge political divides, improve media literacy, and foster inclusive political engagement. The research offers valuable insights into the complexities of contemporary American politics and underscores the importance of understanding the evolving dynamics that influence political behavior and public discourse.

Keywords :
Civic Engagement, Cultural Backlash, Democratic Governance, Economic Discontent, Identity Politics, Misinformation, Political Behavior, Political Communication, Political Discourse, Political Polarization, Populism, Public Trust, Social Media, United States, Voting Behavior.

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